浅议生态史研究中的文化维度——基于疾病与健康议题的思考

A Discussion of Cultural Dimension in the Study of Environmental History:Thoughts Based on Topics of Disease and Health

当今不断凸显的环境问题,无疑让环境史的研究变得不仅正当、必要而且迫切,当前国内的环境史研究,虽然一开始就拥有了较高的学术起点,取得了不俗的成绩,但几乎都有意无意地忽视了其中的文化维度。本文主要从疾病与健康的角度,探究缺失文化维度的缘由、文化研究的意义和内容等问题。如果我们不能真正体认到人类认知(文化)及其与环境互动的深刻性和复杂性,只是从以往历史研究中的缺乏生态意识转换为一味关注环境的环境至上论,那不过是从一种极端走向另一种极端。环境史的研究固然是希望增益人类的生态学意识,但同时也需要文化地来理解这样一种潮流和现象。

Current environmental history studies begin from a relative high academic starting point and have made some achievements,however,all of these overlook the cultural dimension,intentionally or not.Therefore this article investigates the cause of cultural dimension missing,the meaning and content of cultural study from a perspective of disease and health.It is not enough for the study of environmental history,as a selfcontained research,if we only highlight emerging practical problems.We were Walking from one extreme to the other if we failed to realize the depth and complexity of human cognition(namely culture) and its interaction with environment,and only turned our views from a lack of ecology awareness to environment supremacy.The study of environmental history not only aims at arousing human ecology consciousness,but also seems to need to be understood such trends and phenomena from a cultural perspective.