人冠状病毒0C43在北京成人呼吸道感染患者中感染的初步分析

Prevalence of human Coronavirus 0C43 infection among adult patients with acute respiratoryinfections in Beijing

目的调查北京地区成人上呼吸道感染患者中人冠状病毒（HCoV—OC43）的感染状况，了解HCoV．OC43的流行分布和临床表现特点。方法针对主要结构蛋白S与N分别设计引物，建立两套一步法逆转录PCR检测方法，并对559份采集自2011年1月至2012年1月北京地区成人呼吸道感染患者的鼻咽拭子标本进行HCoV-0C43筛查；同时对阳性标本进行常见呼吸道病毒的共感染筛查，并进一步分析HCoV．OC43感染的流行病学和临床表现特点。结果559例鼻咽拭子样本中检测出HCoV．OC43阳性70例（12．52％，95％可性区间：9．78％～15．26％）；秋季是其流行季节，而性别和各年龄段（青年，中年和老年）HCoV．0C43的发病率没有差异；HCoV一0C43感染患者的临床表现主要是发热、咽痛、头痛、咳嗽、鼻塞、流涕等，其中8例患者出现呕吐或腹泻，鼻塞是HCoV一0C43感染的特异性临床表现；有25例（35．71％，25／70，95％可性区间：24．49％-46．93％）与其他常见呼吸道病毒共感染。结论采用双靶标核酸检测方法与鼻咽拭子检查结果表明，近年北京地区成人急性呼吸道感染患者中HCoV-OC43检出率为12．52％。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and clinical features of human Coronavirus OC43 （HCoV-OC43） in adult patients with acute respiratory infections （ARI） in Beijing. Methods Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected from 559 adult patients with ARI. HCoV-OC43 infection was detected using two sets of OneStep reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （ OneStep RT-PCR） , which targeted the spike and nucleocapsid coding region. Results The prevalence of HCoV-OC43 was 12.52% （95% CI： 9.78%-15.26% ）, and the epidemic peak was in autumn. The dominant clinical presentations of HCoV-OC43 were fever, sore throat, headache, cough, nasal stuffiness, nasal discharge, and so on; 8 patients showed gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. Statistically, nasal stuffiness was the most representative clinical presentation. Coinfection of HCoV-OC43 with other respiratory viruses was shown to be 35.71% （25/70, 95% CI： 24.49%-46.93%）. Conclusion With sensitive molecular detection techniques and nasopharyngeal swabs, high rate of HCoV-OC43 infection was achieved in adult patients with ARI in Beijing.