间接免疫荧光法在艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎诊断中的应用

Use of indirect immunofluorescence microscopy in the diagnosis of AIDS patients with Pneumocystispneumonia

目的观察间接免疫荧光法检测艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎（pneumocystis pneumonia，PCP）患者痰液中的肺孢子菌的意义。方法收集本院53例艾滋病合并PCP患者的痰标本，应用间接免疫荧光法对痰标本进行肺孢子菌检测，用流式细胞仪检测患者CD4＋T淋巴细胞计数，同时观察临床治疗疗效。结果采用间接免疫荧光法检测53例患者痰标本，30例为阳性，占检测人数的56．6％；阳性患者CD4＋T淋巴细胞计数平均33．33±42．99／μl，23例阴性者CD4＋T淋巴细胞计数为104．13±77．87／μl（差异有统计学意义）；确诊患者经复方新诺明及其他抗生素治疗后27例好转。结论对艾滋病合并肺孢子菌感染患者使用间接免疫荧光法检测肺孢子菌，方法快速、灵敏、有较高特异性，在PCP的早期诊断、治疗方面有重要的临床意义。

[ Abstract] Objective To detect Pneumocystis carinii in sputum in patients with AIDS complicated with Pneumocystis pneumoniae （PCP）by using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Methods Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy was used to detect Pneumocystis carinii in sputum samples of 53 patients with AIDS complicated with suspected PCP, observed the clinical effects and outcomes of the patients. Results Of the 53 cases, 30 cases were positive. The positive rate was 56.6%. Patients with positive CD4＋ T lymphocyte count was in average 33.33 ± 42.99/μl, 23 patients who were negative forPCP had a CD4＋T lymphocyte count of 104. 13 ± 77.87/μl. Conclusions The indirect immunofluoreseence microscopy was specific rapid and sensitive method in detection of pneumocystis infection in HIV infected patients.