不同方式负重行走时人体腰部竖脊肌和多裂肌平均肌电值特征分析

AEMG Characteristics of Lumbar Multifidus and Erector Spinae Muscles during Walking under Different Conditions

目的:探讨在不同负荷方式、负荷等级及路面条件下行走时人体腰部竖脊肌与多裂肌平均肌电值(AEMG)的变化特征。方法:10名健康男性志愿者,分别在不同负荷等级(0 kg、1 kg、2 kg、5 kg、10 kg、15 kg和20 kg)、负荷方式(左手提、右手提和背部负荷)及路面(平地、上楼梯和下楼梯)条件下行走,同步采集腰部竖脊肌与多裂肌表面肌电图(sEMG)信号,分析AEMG变化特征。结果:负荷等级、方式及路面条件三因素对腰部竖脊肌和多裂肌AEMG有显著影响(P<0.001),且负荷等级与负荷方式的交互作用显著;相同负荷等级下左、右单侧手负重时肌肉AEMG均大于背部负荷方式(P<0.05),但左手与右手负重两种负荷方式无显著差异;不同负荷等级条件下,上楼时腰部竖脊肌和多裂肌AEMG显著大于平地和下楼(P<0.05);单侧手负重且当负荷等级达到一定水平时,对侧腰部竖脊肌和多裂肌AEMG值显著大于同侧。结论:单侧手负重时只有在高负荷等级下肌肉活动才呈现明显的对侧增强效应;同负荷等级下背部负荷方式比单侧手负重省力;人体负重上楼梯时腰部两肌肉的激活强度明显大于平地和下楼梯时。

Objective To study the characteristics of lumbar EMG activity when walking under different conditions. Methods Ten healthy young male volunteers were enrolled in this study. Their EMG signals of lumbar multifidus and erector spinae under different loading ways （left hand weight carrying, right hand weight carrying and back weight carrying）,different loading levels （0 kg, 1 kg,2 kg,5 kg, 10 kg,15 kg and 20 kg）and different walking conditions （walking on the fiat road,going upstairs and downstairs）were collected. At the same time, the characteristics of average electromyography（AEMG）was analyzed. Results The AEMG of the lumbar multifidus and erector spinae was influenced by loading levels,loading ways,and road conditions during walking （P 〈 0.001）,and there were significant interactions between loading levels and loading ways. No significant differences in erector spinae AEMGduring walking were found between left and right hand weight carrying, but under back weight carrying were significantly higher than left and tight hand weight carrying. The value of upstairs AEMG was the highest among the values of the three conditions （P 〈 0.05）. When weight on a hand increased to a certain level during walking,the AEMG value of contralateral lumbar muscles reached to the maximum. Conclusion Load beating on a hand may enhance the activation of opposite side lumbar muscles only when the load increases to a certain higher level. Load bearing on back is more labor-saving than the single hand weight carrying, and the lumbarmuscles during going upstairs were activated stronger than during walking on the road and going downstairs.