陕西省2002-2013年新发麻风297例流行病学分析

Analysis of Epidemiology Characteristics of 297 New Leprosy Cases in Shaanxi Province from 2002 to 2013

目的了解陕西省2002—2013年新发麻风病的流行规律和特征，为制定今后的麻风防治措施和策略提供理论依据。方法对陕西省2002—2013年新发麻风病例的一般资料及其发病率、患病率、型别、畸残情况、病期和发现方式等相关因素进行分析。结果陕西省2002—2013年共发现新麻风297例。年平均发病率0．066／10万，年平均患病率0．360／10万；总体看来，发病率和患病率均处于下降趋势。MB（多茵型）构成74．29％-95．00％，平均为81．14％；II级畸残率构成19．05％-55．oo％，平均为30．30％；诊断延迟时间（33．44-112．38）个月，平均为（45．6±14．0）个月；发现方式以皮肤科就诊为主，占29．97％。结论陕西省2002—2013年麻风病处于低流行和总体下降趋势，MB构成比高、Ⅱ级畸残率高、诊断延迟期长、皮肤科就诊发现率低，延迟诊断现象严重，应加强麻风早期发现工作，探讨低流行下麻风防治工作策略。

Objective To understand epidemiology characteristics of new leprosy cases in Shaanxi province from 2002 to 2013, and provide a scientific basis on which to develop the trategies for leprosy control in the future. Methods Analysising the data of epidemic of new leprosy cases from 2002 to 2013 adopting incidence, prevalence, disability grade IT, delay diagnosed period and constituent ratio etc. Results A total of 297 cases of leprosy were diagnosed from 2002 to 2013 in whole province. Average incidence and prevalence were O. 066/100 000 and O. 360/100 000 respectively, were low and decreased. MB（multibacillary leprosy） composed from 74. 29%-95.00% and average was 81.14%, disability grade I1 composed from 19. 05% - 55.00% and average was 30. 30%, delay diagnosed period composed from （ 33.44 ± 112. 38 ） months and average was （45.6 ±14. 0 ） months, skin department diagnosed proportion was low （29.97 % ）. Conclusion Leprosy was low epidemic and decreased in Shaanxi province from 2002 to 2013, the constituent ratio of MB and disability grade 11 were high, delay diagnosed period was long, skin department diagnosed was low. Pointing out we should further strengthen the case detecting, in order to make early diagnosis and investigate the way of leorosv control.