中国古代数学发展的文化影响因素

On the Cultural Factors Influencing the Development of Ancient Chinese Mathematics

中国古代数学曾经取得了辉煌的成就,在宋元时期达到了最高峰,但后来迅速走向衰落。在这个过程中,中国文化有着重大影响。《周易》是中国古代数学思想的总源头,使之走向模式化的道路;儒家思想受《周易》影响巨大,在一定程度上制约和干扰了中国古代数学的正常发展;墨家思想对数学的发展有积极影响,却最终未能在社会传承下去;宋代宽松的思想氛围一度促使中国古代数学走向顶峰,但随后理学的产生滞碍了数学的发展。

The ancient Chinese mathematics had made brilliant achievements, and reached the peak in Song and Yuan Dynasties, but then it declined rapidly. To study the reasons for the efflorescence and decline, we should start from the traditional Chinese culture. Through tracing back to ＂The Book of Changes＂, the source of the thought of ancient Chinese mathematics, and analyzing the characteristics of the main schools of philosophy in Chinese society, relaxed ideological atmosphere in Song Dynasty, the naissanee of theory Lixue and the influences on mathematic development, this paper demonstrated the development process of ancient Chinese mathematics on the cultural field, and gives enlightenment and guidance to the development of Chinese mathematic nowadays.