蓝藻水华与水体富营养化综合治理

A Comprehensive Control of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Eutrophication

给出了蓝藻水华及其综合治理的完整定义,紧密结合水体富营养化治理和蓝藻水华治理两个角度讨论蓝藻水华治理问题。前一部分涵盖以控制点源面源污染为核心的陆上治理和以生态修复生态调控为核心的水系治理两个方面,并分析了富营养化治理与蓝藻水华治理相辅相成的关系。在讨论蓝藻水华治理时,笔者在物理、化学、生物治理方法以及资源化利用这几个方面列举了各种常见方法,着重讨论了其中实用性较强的诸多方法,分别阐述其原理以及应用案例,并作分析和评价,给出应用建议或改进建议。国内外治理实践说明:没有一种单一的方法可以有效地治理蓝藻水华,必须综合运用物理、化学、生物治理技术,综合采用中短期和长期治理策略才能有效控制当前的蓝藻水华问题并最终达到基本消除之的目标。还讨论了综合治理案例,最后讨论了我国当前蓝藻水华治理工作中的一些不足以及治理工作的经济效益分析。

This paper provided the definitions for cyanobacterial bloom and its comprehensive control,and combined closely eutrophication control and cyanobacterial bloom control to discuss management for the serious problem of cyanobacterial blooms.The former part covers two components：land control with focus on control of point and non-point sources pollution; water system control with focus on ecological regulation and restoration.These two components supplement each other.While discussing cyanobacterial bloom control,I listed all kinds of common methods at the aspects of physical,chemical,and biological control methods and resources utilization.Among these methods,I only discussed those with strong practicability,expatiated their principles and application cases,provided analyses and evaluations,offered application suggestions or improvement suggestions for them.Domestic and international practices prove that no single control method can effectively solve the problem of cyanobacterial blooms.Only by applying physical,chemical,and biological control techniques and integrating short,medium,and long-term control strategies comprehensively,can we effectively control the problem of cyanobacterial blooms and essentially eliminate it at last.This paper discusses the application cases for comprehensive control,and some deficiencies in cyanobacterial bloom management in China,and economic analysis for cyanobacteria control.