黑龙江省温室小气候变化特征及预报模型的初步研究

Preliminary Analysis on Microclimate Characteristic and Forecasting Model in Greenhouse of Heilongjiang Province

为了解黑龙江省日光温室内各气象要素变化，分析了黑龙江省双城市公正乡日光温室2012年9月～2013年8月的室内外气温、地温及土壤湿度，并建立室内外气温关系模型。结果表明：秋季、冬季和春季室内外温差较大，室内气温明显高于室外，而夏季较小，室内气温偏高不明显。在寒冷季节不供暖情况下，室内气温基本在10℃以下，难以满足蔬菜生长发育的需要，各层次地温和土壤湿度变化基本规率基本一致。以棚外温度为自变量，以棚内温度为因变量，建立相关模型，大部时段绝对误差为0～2．8℃。

In order to understand the change of meteorological elements in sunlight greenhouse of Heilongjiang province,based on the observation data of air temperature, soil temperature and soil humidity from September in 2012 to August in 2013 in greenhouse of Gongzheng town in Shuangcheng city,the microclimate characteristic in greenhouse and temperature contrast inside and outside greenhouse were analyzed and related model were established. The results showed that temperature contrast in autumn, winter and spring had larger tempenture difference than that in summer,temperature inside greenhouse was higher apparently than that outside greenhouse. Temperature inside greenhouse was below 10℃ without heating supply in cold. It is difficult to meet the demands of the growth of vegetable. Soil temperature and soil humidity of each soil layers had changed identically. Related model of temperature outside greenhouse and temperature inside greenhouse was established. The absolute error ranged from 0℃ to 2.8℃ in most of the time.