战后美国的东亚遏制思维与东亚冷战格局的形成

Postwar America's Mentality of East Asia Containment and the Formation of Cold-war Situation in East Asia

美国认为新中国的成立是苏联共产主义在亚洲走向胜利的第一步,新中国废除历史上与西方国家的不平等条约以及中苏友好同盟条约的签订使美国梦想的铁托模式在中国落空,美国走向对华遏制。战后美国实施对印支非干涉政策,即既不帮助法国亦不得罪印支民族主义者,但法国在印支战争的失利以及法国在美国东西方冷战中的重要性致使美国转向对法国印支事务的干涉。朝鲜战争的爆发使美国将南韩、台湾、日本纳入美国的太平洋反共体系,将亚洲提高到和欧洲同等重要的地位,形成东亚冷战思维。美国对新中国的遏制、对印支事务的介入以及东亚反共体系的形成最终导致美国东亚全面冷战局面的形成。

The United States started its policy of containing China when it believed that the founding of new China was the first step of Soviet Communism's triumph over Asia and its dream of Tito Mode failed in China as China abrogated all unequal treaties in history with western countries and at the same time signed a Sino-Soviet treaty of friendly alliance. After the second world war,the US adopted a policy of non-interference in Indo-Chinese affairs,neither supporting France nor offending Indo-Chinese nationalists,but this policy changed when France began to fail in the Indo-china war and France took an important position in America's East-west cold war. The breakout of the Korean War propelled the US to include South Korea,Taiwan,and Japan into its Pacific anti-Communist setup and to raise Asia to a status equal to that of Europe,and thus formed its mentality of East Asia cold war. America's containment of China,its interference in Indo-Chinese affairs,and the establishment East Asia anti-communist setup eventually resulted in the formation of America's comprehensive East Asia cold war situation.