彝族“死给”的社会心理学探析

An Exploration on the Social Psychology of the Yi's “Sigei”

本文旨在引用学人的民族学资料和凉山彝族人的"尔比尔吉"(格言),检讨"死给"与依赖心理的关系。凉山彝族人结构性的高"死给"(自杀)率与社会盛行的依赖家支(家族)心理相关联。其次,在凉山社会彝人已习惯于靠自己、家人与家支的帮助以求自保的生活方式。第三,凉山社会拥有自己的习惯法,默认"死给"的合理性。第四,男子(含女性)气概、勇气与肢体攻击的"粗狂"荣誉概念持续于彝族社会,并被视为正面价值。这些无疑助长了"死给"文化,可能也是凉山现代社会形成过程中无力的一个表征。

The Liangshan Yi area located in southwest Sichuan is the largest area inhabited by the Yi in China. The social life of the Yi reflected a spirit of mutual support, mutual aid and cooperation, as well as mutual sharing among the family clan （jiazhi） . However, there was both unity and conflict among various clans. The focus of the social conflict existing in the Yi society .was related to the people＇ s view on value and benefit, including power, wealth, and honor.