中国劳动力价格影响因素分析

Chinese Labor Price's Influencing Factors

首先梳理了影响劳动力价格的人口因素、经济因素和政策因素,在理论分析的基础上构建了劳动力价格模型。基于1989—2012年省级面板数据的实证结果表明:老年抚养比、人口增长率、人均GDP、经济增长率、产业结构升级、教育经费支出和政府公共支出对劳动力价格具有显著的正向影响,而通货膨胀率、实际利率和地方保护对劳动力价格具有显著的负向影响。加大对落后地区教育经费支出力度,促进落后地区产业结构升级,进一步削弱地方保护,是实现劳动力价格区域均衡的有效途径。

This paper firstly combed the demographic factors, economic factors and policy factors af- fecting labor price, and built the model of labor price based on the theoretical analysis. The results of empirical analysis on provincial panel data from 1989 to 2012 reveals that： elderly dependency ratio, population growth rate, Per Capita GDP, economic growth rate, upgrading of the industrial structure, educational funds expenditure and government public expenditure have significant positive effects on labor price, while inflation rate, real interest rate and regional protection have significant negative effects on labor price. Increasing educational funds expenditure in backward areas, promoting the up- grading of the industrial structure in backward areas, and further weakening regional protection, are effective ways to realize the regional equilibrium of labor price.