山东北部晚商西周煮盐作坊的选址与生产组织

The Location-selection and Production Organization of the Salt-making Workshops of the Late Shang through the Western Zhou Dynasties in Northern Shandong

根据山东北部地区盐业考古专题调查的结果,可揭示煮盐作坊遗址的聚落形态及分布规律,晚商及西周时期作坊在选址时倾向于"央子"与湖沼地貌。进一步探讨晚商及西周时期煮盐作坊的生产组织与社会属性,可以推断此时期的盐业生产属于小规模私营行为的组合体,这使得煮盐作坊的选址严重受限于自然资源。

Referring to the results of the special surveys on the salt-making archaeology in northern Shandong Province in recent years, the settlement pattern and the distribution rules of the salt-making workshops of the late Shang through the Western Zhou Dynasties could be revealed. These workshops tended to be built in the places with the ＂yangzi＂ terrain （hillock or mound surrounded by wet lowland） or lacustrine landform, where the sweet water could be easily fetched. Through the comparative studies with the relevant situations in the Eastern Zhou Period, the issues such as the production organization and social attribution of the salt-making workshops of the late Shang through the Western Zhou Dynasties could be further explored. At that period, the salt-making industry was small-scaled production activities conducted by separated workshops without unified management, and this was exactly the fundamental cause for which the location-selection of the salt-making workshops was heavily restricted by the natural resources.