舒哈特及“词与物”学派

Hugo Schuchardt and the “Words and Things” School

舒哈特是19世纪末20世纪初奥地利杰出的语言学家。以他的理论为基础创立的"词与物"学派是20世纪初期第一个旗帜鲜明地反对和批判青年语法学派理论与研究方法的学派,它打破了当时相对沉寂的语言学研究。舒哈特的著作反映了他当时所处时代的语言科学研究状况,见证了新的科学方法的产生。他所提出的问题在20世纪语言学研究中得到了进一步的深入研究,他的理论观点过去和现在都被许多不同学派的语言学家所广泛引用。

Schuchardt was an eminent Austrian linguist at the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century. In- spired by and based on his linguistic theories, the ＂Words and Things＂ School was the first to stand up against the Neo-gram- marians and their theories as well as research methods and methodology, breaking the silence of the linguistic world. The works by Schuchardt not only reflect the status quo of the linguistic research in his time, but also witness birth of new scientific research. The issues raised by him were further studied by linguists in the 20th century; and his theories and ideas have been widely applied and adopted by linguists in different linguistics schools.