高温高湿地区兔舍制冷空调降温效果及经济效益分析

Cooling Effect of Refrigerating Air Conditioner on the Rabbit House Thermal Environment and its Economic Benefits in Hot and Humid Area in China

为了研究我国高温高湿地区兔舍制冷空调的降温效果和运行效益,为高温高湿地区的兔舍设计和降温、通风等环境调控措施的配套提供依据,针对中国宁波地区夏季高温高湿导致兔场家兔停繁三个月的严重影响现状,本文对比分析了有窗密闭空调降温舍、有窗密闭舍和开放舍三种形式兔舍夏季舍内热环境状况。结果表明:密闭空调舍的日平均温度、日最高温度以及温湿度指数均显著低于密闭舍和开放舍(P<0.01),舍内湿度显著高于其他两舍(P<0.01)。密闭空调舍的NH3浓度和CO2浓度均显著高于密闭舍和开放舍(P<0.01),舍内通风换气相对较差;密闭舍的NH3浓度显著低于开放舍(P<0.01),CO2浓度与开放舍内的没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。经济分析显示,与夏季停繁三个月的模式相比,夏季使用空调降温系统保证母兔正常繁殖,能够产生良好的经济效益,在管理水平较高的兔场,具有经济可行性。

High temperature and humidity adversely affect rabbit production in hot and humid areas in China. Breeding is always suspended for 2-3 months to avoid serious health injury when there is no effective cooling method. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of refrigerating air-conditioner on the thermal environment of rabbit house and its economic feasibility in hot and humid summer of Ningbo, a southeastern coastal city in China. The thermal environment of three types of rabbit houses, window- closed rabbit house cooling with air-conditioner, window-opened rabbit house with natural ventilation, and open rabbit shed were compared in this study. As a result, the average of temperature-humidity index （THI） in window-closed air-conditioning house was 28.2, and the minimum was 26.6, lower than THI in the other two types of houses significantly（P〈0.01）. Whereas the concentrations of CO2 and NHa in closed air-conditioning house were relatively higher. Economic analysis in farms with better management shows that compared with the three-months breeding suspended pattern in summer, keeping does＇ normal breeding with air-conditioning cooling system in suwmer is feasible and has good economic profits.