甜仁仁用杏果实形态主要评价指标的选择

Selection of main evaluation indexes of sweet almond-apricot fruit morphology

为了有效评价甜仁仁用杏种质资源,对华北地区和华中地区的147份甜仁仁用杏优株的23个果实形态性状进行了相关分析、回归分析、主成分分析及聚类分析。研究结果表明,果最大径与果纵径,果横径与果腹横径,果重与肉重、果侧径和果肉厚,壳重与核重,核横径、核腹横径1与核腹横径2呈极显著相关,相关系数均在0.9 8以上,果实形态性状之间存在密切的相关性。由此选育高出核率的品种重点参考果重和果型指数指标;选育高出仁率的品种重点参考核重、仁侧径和核型指数指标。同时23个甜仁仁用杏果实形态性状可被简化成了代表果实形态性状信息9个主要性状:果重、核重、仁重、仁纵径、仁侧径、出核率、出仁率、果型指数和核型指数。

In order to evaluate the sweet almont-apricot’s germplasm resources effectively, 147 superior plants were collected from North China and Central China, and 23 fruit morphology characters of them were analyzed with correlation analysis, regression analysis, principal component analysis and clustering analysis. The results show there was a highly significant correlation between fruit maximum diameter and fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit transverse diameter and transverse abdominal diameter, fruit weight to pulp weight and fruit side diameter and pulp thickness, shell weight to nucleus weight, nucleus transverse diameter and transverse-abdominal=diameter-1 to transverse-abdominal-diameter-2, they all had correlation coefficients above 0.98, and there were close correlations among theirs fruit morphological characteristics;based on the morphological traits correlations, specially, focused on fruit weight and fruit shape indexes, the species of high nucleus-yield rate were bred and the species of high kernel rate varieties were cultured according to nucleus weight, kernel side diameter and kernel shape indexes;the fruit morphology characters of 23 sweet almont-apricot could be simplified into 9 main characters which represented all information, such as fruit weight, nucleus weight, kernel weight, kernel longitudinal diameter, kernel side diameter, nucleus rate, kernel rate, fruit shape index, kernel shape index.