玉米穗部性状遗传分析

Genetic analysis of maize ear characters

以两组PA种质改良系J1255、J1401与S122杂交所形成的6个世代为试验材料,采用郭平仲提出的世代平均数分析方法对玉米穗长、穗粗、籽粒长、百粒重、穗粒重进行了遗传分析。结果表明:玉米穗长与百粒重的遗传受基因的加性效应为主,显性效应次之;穗粗、籽粒长和穗粒重的遗传受基因的显性效应作用为主,加性效应次之;上位性效应明显存在于穗部各性状的世代遗传变异中,其中,对于百粒重的遗传变异,上位性效应明显大于显性效应,并以加性×加性的上位性互作为主。

Genetic analysis for ear length, ear diameter, seed length,100-grain weigth and yield per ear were conducted by using the method of components of means, two improved maize inbreds of PA group 01255, J1401） were crossed with one tester（S122） witch traited by using six generations as materials. The results showed that the heredity of ear length and 100-grain weigth was dominated by additive affect, epistasis effect also existed significantly. The heredity of ear diameter, seed length and yield per ear were dominated by dominant effect, additive affect also existed significantly. The heredity of ear traits of all the crosses were dominated by epistasis effect. The additive effect of major genes for 100-grain weigth was greater than epistasis effect, and the dominance×dominance was greater.