九种海滨沙生植物解剖构造及其生态适应性研究

Anatomical structures and ecological adaptability research of nine species of psammophytes on beach

利用常规石蜡制片法,对生长于北戴河海滨沙地的9种沙生植物的营养器官的形态结构进行比较观察。结果表明:(1)叶结构出现各种旱生和盐生植物特征,如一些植物叶的栅栏组织发达,海绵组织退化;多数植物的叶片较小;多数植物支脉和侧脉多等;(2)轴器官具有发达的表皮和机械组织,有异常结构的出现。说明北戴河海滨沙滩生长的9种植物的营养器官存在一系列的旱生结构特征,这些结构在减少蒸腾作用,增强光合作用,储存水分,增强器官的机械强度方面具有积极的作用。

The morphology and anatomy of vegetative organs of psammophytes of 9 species on Beidaihe beach was studied using traditional paraffin section. The results were as follows： （1）The leaves showed the features of xerophil, for instance,palisade tissues were very developed,while their spongy tissues degenerated in some plants The leaves of the most plants showed very small and has more ramificate vein; （2）The axial organs had more developed epidermis and strong mechanical tissue, and abnormal structures appeared. These results suggested that vegetative organs of psammophytes on Beidaihe beach showed a series of xeric structures. These features of structure had a positive effect on reducing transpiration, boosting up photosynthesis,saving up water, enhancing strength of organs.