肥料运筹对不同类型专用小麦品质的影响

Effects of fertilizer application on the quality of different variety of special wheat

以弱筋品种宁麦9号、中筋品种扬麦11和强筋品种中优16为材料,每个品种进行4种肥料处理,2次重复,分析籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、出粉率、湿面筋含量、降落值、溶剂保持力、淀粉糊化特性和粉质仪等参数。结果表明:每种小麦通过2套品质指标的对比,降低总施肥量有利于小麦弱筋品质的体现,而施用肥料的处理中,基肥比例高对弱筋小麦品质有利,拔节肥比例越大对弱筋小麦的品质越不利;提高总施肥量能提升中筋小麦的品质,同时可以适当减少基肥施用量,控制好拔节肥的比例;提高总施肥量、扩大拔节肥的比例,能显著提升强筋小麦的品质。

The research used weak gluten variety Ningmai 9, middle gluten variety Yangmai 11 and strong gluten variety Zhongyou 16 as materials, each variety took four kinds of fertilizer treatments with two replications, analyed grain protein content, hardness, flour yield, gluten content, falling number, solvent retention capacity, starch pasting properties and farinograph parameters. The results showed that, compared with no fertilizer, reducing the application of fertilizer was helpful to the quality of weak gluten wheat. In the process of fertilizers application, high proportion of base fertilizer was good for the quality of weak gluten wheat, high proportion of jointing fertilizer was harmful to the quality of weak gluten wheat. Compared with no fertilizer, in the existing soil fertility conditions, improving the fertilizer application could improve the quality of middle gluten wheat. At the same time, we should reduce the proportion of base fertilizer appropriately and control the proportion of jointing fertilizer. Compared with no fertilizer, increasing fertilizer application could significantly improve the quality of strong gluten wheat, expanding the proportion of jointing fertilizer could also improve the quality of strong gluten wheat.