套作模式下玉米播期和密度对后作大豆茎叶形态及产量的影响

Effect of Maize Sowing Time and Density on Stem and Leaf Morphological Characters of Soybean in Relay-cropping System

在"麦/玉/豆"套作模式下研究了玉米不同播期和密度对后作大豆茎叶形态及产量的影响。结果表明,玉米适期早播,产量提高,收获提前,缩短了与大豆的共生期,保证了大豆生长期间适宜的株高、较大的茎粗和理想的叶面积指数和比叶重,利于大豆产量的形成。玉米不同密度对大豆茎叶形态的影响主要体现在玉米收获前,后期影响效应无显著差异,但大豆在玉米高密度下的产量显著低于在玉米中、低密度下的产量;玉米产量则是以中密度下的产量最高。因此,考虑玉米和大豆的综合效益,本实验得出的最优组合为玉米3月21日播种,密度为5.25万株·hm-2。

The effects of different maize sowing date and density on the stem and leaf morphological characters and yield of soybean in wheat/ maize/soybean relay-cropping system were studied.The results showed that,with early sowing of maize,the maize yield was promoted,the harvest forward,the co-growth period with soybean was shortened,this guaranteed soybean＇s suitable plant height,bigger stem diameter,ideal LM and SLW,so soybean yield was also increased.The effects of different maize density on the stem and leaf of soybean mainly was significant before the maize harvest,but soybean yield under high maize density was significantly lower than that under middle and low maize density,and the highest maize yield was under middle density.Based on considering soybean and maize comprehensive values,the optimum combination of this experiment was sowed at March 21 and planting density was 5.25 × 104 plant · hm-2.