现象学视阈下的大学生创业教育

A Discussion of Enterprise Education for College Students in the Horizon of Phenomenology

现象学由胡塞尔创立,经海德格尔、萨特、范梅南及庞蒂等人的发展,成为西方重要思潮之一。现象学提出的许多主张对大学生创业教育具有重要的指导意义。现象学认为,大学生创业教育的目的不在于培养企业家,而在于培养企业家精神;大学生创业教育不是精英教育,应关注全体大学生;大学生创业教育不应是传统的"满堂灌""填鸭式"教学,而应采取"苏格拉底式""个性化""对话式"教学;大学生创业教育的课程不仅要注重显性知识,而且更要重视隐形知识,同时让学生成为知识和教材的支配者。

Phenomenology was built up by E. Edmund Husserl and developed by Jean Paul Sartre and Maurece Merleau Ponty. Now it has become one of the most important thoughts in Western countries. And many assertions of Phenomenology will be of guiding significance to enterprise education for college students. In phenomenology, the aim of enterprise education is to train up entrepreneurship, not entrepreneurs. It should service all college students, not elites. For teaching methods, it should be a Socratic, personalized and conversational way, not a ＂spoon-fed＂ and ＂crammer＂ way. And its courses should not only pay attention to explicit knowledge, but also tacit knowledge, which can let students be their own ruler for knowledge and textbooks.