意识形态:历时性递进与共时性互构的集结——再读《德意志意识形态》

Ideology: A Diachronic and Synchronic Perspective Rereading The German Ideology

研究"意识形态",需要历时和共时的研究思维。再读《德意志意识形态》,"意识形态"表现为历时性与共时性的集结,其经历了"意识的理论产物""虚幻的共同体"以及"历史的最高统治"三种表现形态的递进式发展。同时,在现实生活中,特殊表现为唯物史观与唯心史观两种世界观基础的对立以及政治、法律、道德、哲学、宗教等意识形态多种表现载体的共时互构。这一集结突出了经济关系对意识形态具有"归根结底"意义上的决定作用,对于今天日益分化的社会推进社会主义意识形态建设具有重要指导意义。

Ideology study involves both diachronic and synchronic perspective. The ideology in German Ideology, has experienced three stages, i.e. “the theoretical product”, “virtual community” and “the highest stage of history”. Meanwhile it reveals itself in the opposition of two different world view, i.e. historical materialism and historical idealism. It is also the mutual construction of politics, law, morality, philosophy and religion. It shows that the economic relationship ultimately determines ideology and the study is of great significance to the construction of socialist ideology in the increasingly dividing society.