不同戒断期海洛因戒断者情绪加工的损伤和恢复

Different Healing Phases of Heroin Abstainers' Processing to Emotional Stimuli: The Evidence from ERP Research

成瘾过程伴随着一系列心理和脑机能的改变。已有研究表明,海洛因成瘾者存在对情绪刺激的加工缺陷。这些认知变化被认为与成瘾者脑内"奖赏系统"功能紊乱有关,但这种认知功能缺陷是否随着戒断进行而有所恢复还未得到明确结论。该研究采用ERP技术,记录了控制组、短期戒断组、中期戒断组和长期戒断组被试在情绪刺激加工过程中的神经电活动。结果发现,与中性刺激相比,长期组与控制组一致,正、负性刺激诱发被试更大的P300和SPW平均波幅,两类情绪刺激诱发的SPW波幅差异不显著;中期组被试的正性和负性刺激诱发的P300和SPW波幅都显著大于中性刺激,且负性刺激诱发的两成分的波幅显著大于正性刺激;短期组被试的负性刺激引起的P300和SPW波幅显著大于中性和正性刺激,但是正性和中性刺激诱发的P300或SPW波幅之间差异不显著。结果表明,随着戒断进行,海洛因戒断者情绪加工能力有所改善,主要表现在对正性情绪刺激加工能力的恢复。

The process of addiction is accompanied by a series of changes in psychological and brain functions. Previous studies found that heroin abstainers have deficiencies in emotional stimuli processing. The cognitive changes have been linked to the function disorders of heroin abusers＇ reward system. Whether cognitive function deficiencies could recovered with the time of abstained have not received consistent conclusions. In the present study, event - related potentials of short - term, medium - term, long - term abstinence groups and control group were recorded during emotional stimuli processing. The current data found that enhanced P300 and SPW amplitudes were induced by negative and positive stimuli compared to neutral stimuli in long - term abstinence group which was the same as control group;In medium- term abstinence group, the P300 and SPW amplitudes induced by negative and positive stimuli were more positive than neutral stimuli and amplitudes induced by negative stimuli were greater than that of positive stimuli; In short - term group, the P300 and SPW amplitudes induced by negative stimuli was enlarged than positive and neutral stimuli which has no significance differ- ence each other. Thus the findings indicated that heroin abstainers＇ ability of emotional stimulus processing has improved to a certain extent with abstinence, reflected by the recovery of heroin abstainers＇ ability on positive emotional stimuli processing.