政治演讲中人际意义的身份建构功能分析——以奥巴马在美国海军学院2013届毕业生毕业典礼上的演讲为例

The Analysis of Identity Construction Function of Interpersonal Meaning in Political Speech ——Taking Obama's Speech in 2013 on the United States Naval Academy Graduation Ceremony as an Example

人际功能是系统功能语言学的三大元功能之一。本文以韩礼德系统功能语法中人际功能为主要理论,在语气和情态两个子系统的框架内,对奥巴马在海军学院2013届毕业生毕业典礼上的演讲进行了人际意义分析。通过分析发现:在政治演讲中,演讲者多使用陈述语气来阐述信念、表达肯定、树立权威;在情态方面,多使用中高量值情态动词来说服听众以响应自己的号召。借此,演讲者在演讲过程中运用人际功能的手段对自我形象进行有效建构,以实现其政治目的。

The interpersonal function is one of the three metafunctions in systemic functional linguis- tics. Taking the interpersonal function in Halliday＇s systemic functional grammar as a theoretical frame- work, this paper analyzes the interpersonal meaning in Obama＇s Speech in 2013 on the United States Naval Academy graduation ceremony within the framework of two subsystems -mood and modality. Ac- cording to the analysis, the speaker often adopts indicative mood to demonstrate faith, express affirmation and build authority in political speech; from the perspective of modality, the speaker usually employs high value modal verbs to persuade the audience to respond to his call. Based on this, the speaker uses the means of interpersonal function in the process of giving a speech to actively realize his identity construc- tion and achieve his political purposes.