应用脑皮质撞击仪建立颅脑创伤后应激性溃疡动物模型的研究

Establishment of traumatic brain injury-induced stress ulcer model in rats with an electric cortical contusion impactor

目的 应用电子脑皮质撞击仪（eCCI）建立颅脑创伤后应激性溃疡的动物模型,为进一步研究颅脑损伤所致应激性溃疡的发生机制及治疗方法奠定基础.方法 选取健康雄性Spraque-Dawley（SD）大鼠20只,按照随机数字表法分为假手术组和颅脑创伤组,每组10只.应用eCCI对颅脑创伤组大鼠顶叶大脑皮质区行精确撞击（打击速率4 m/s,打击时间200 ms,打击深度4 mm）.假手术组仅用牙科钻开骨窗（5 mm ×5 mm）,消毒后缝合头皮但不做打击.伤后48 h应用多普勒血流量计测定2组大鼠脑和胃黏膜表面局部血流量,苏木精-伊红染色观察脑和胃组织病理学改变.结果 致伤48 h后,颅脑创伤组脑组织血流量较假手术组明显下降[（40.2±1.9）ml/（min·100 g）比（107.6±3.4） ml/（min·100 g）]（P ＜0.01）.假手术组和颅脑创伤组胃黏膜表面血流量比较,差异有统计学意义[（32.9±2.0）ml/（min·100 g）比（42.1±1.0）ml/（min·100 g）]（P＜0.01）.致伤48 h后,光镜下假手术组大鼠脑组织正常,结构完整,胞核蓝染,胞质呈粉红色;颅脑创伤组大鼠脑组织损伤灶周围神经元数量明显减少,结构排列紊乱,局部脑组织变性坏死,逐渐形成瘢痕,伴大量红细胞渗出.假手术组大鼠胃组织基本正常,黏膜表层结构完整,黏膜下层未见明显嗜酸性炎细胞渗出;颅脑创伤组大鼠胃组织可见黏膜表层细胞、腺胃细胞变性、脱落,伴红细胞渗出,黏膜下可见嗜酸性炎细胞浸润.结论 大鼠颅脑创伤后存在应激性溃疡,应用脑皮质撞击仪可成功建立颅脑创伤后应激性溃疡的大鼠模型.

Objective To establish of a traumatic brain injury-induced stress ulcer model in rats with an electric cortical contusion impactor （eCCI） for stress ulcer （SU）.Methods A total of twenty Spraque-Dawley rats were selected and divided into sham group and brain injury group; each group had 10 cases.The parietal lobe brain cortexes in rats of brain injury group were given eCCI （4 m/s velocity for TBI,impact time was 200 ms,impact injury at 4 mm depth of penetration）.Bone window of sham group was opened by dental drill （5 mm × 5 mm） after disinfection suture of the scalp.Regional blood flow of brain and gastric tissues in rats were determined by ultrasonic doppler blood flow meter after 48 hours of injury; histopathological changes of brain and gastric tissues were observed.Results Fourty eight hours after TBI,the mucosal blood flows in the brain surface in brain injury group were reduced compared with those in sham group （P 〈 0.01） [（40.2 ± 1.9） ml/（min · 100 g） vs （107.6 ± 3.4） mL/（min · 100 g）].There was significant difference on regional blood flow between sham group and brain injury group（P〈0.01） [（32.9 ±2.0）ml/（min · 100 g） vs （42.1 ± 1.0）ml/（min · 100 g）].48 h after TBI,brain tissue of brain injury group was normal; structure was complete,the nucleus was stained blue and cytoplasm was pink.The number of neurons was decreased with structural disorder.The structure of gastric mucosal was disordered with mucosal surface cells and glandular stomach cell degeneration.Eosinophilic infiltrations of inflammatory cells in the sub mucosa of gastric were observed.Conclusions There is SU following TBI induced by electric cortical contusion impactor.The SU animal model induced by TBI in rats can be established successfully.