7个冬小麦品种灌浆期抗旱性鉴定指标的综合评价

Screening Indexes for Drought Resistance of Seven Winter Wheat Cultivars at the Grain-filling Stage

采用7个冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种,研究了不同水分处理下部分生理指标和部分农艺性状变化,以各单项指标的抗旱系数作为抗旱性衡量指标,利用主成分分析对其抗旱性进行评价,同时将综合评价值(D值)与抗旱指数(DRI)进行相关性分析。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,干旱胁迫后的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、可溶性糖含量、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)均有不同程度上升;根系活力、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、株高、穗下节长度、叶面积、穗长、小穗数和穗粒数均下降;过氧化物酶(POD)活性和可溶性蛋白质含量在各品种间变化趋势不尽一致。(2)通过主成分分析综合评价值(D值),供试品种可分为3类:‘晋麦47’和‘小偃22’属于强抗旱型;‘矮抗58’、‘西农979’和‘西农509’属于中等抗旱型;‘郑麦366’和‘郑麦9023’属于弱抗旱型。(3)两种不同干旱胁迫下综合评价值(D值)与抗旱指数均显著相关(r分别为0.768和0.808,p<0.05)。

This paper evaluated drought resistance of wheat using physiological indexes and agronomical traits, with ＇Xinong979’ and six other winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars taken as test materials. The comprehensive resistance of drought resistant coefficients of the investigated indexes was conducted with principal components, and the correlation between comprehensive indexes （D） and drought resistance indexes （DRI） was studied. Results showed that： （1） Compared with the contrast, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities, catalase （CAT） activities, relative conductivity, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, proline content, soluble sugar, and intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） increased at different levels, while root vigor, net photosynthesis rate （Pn）, transpiration rate （Tr）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, plant height, internode length below spike, flag leaf area, ear length, spikelet number and grains per ear decreased. The trend of peroxidase （POD） activities and soluble protein content were different among the cultivars. （2） Based on the comprehensive indexes （D）, the seven tested cultivars were divided into three groups. ‘Jinmai47’ and ‘Xiaoyan22’ belonged to the high drought resistance group, ‘Aikang58’, ‘Xinong979’ and ‘Xinong509’ belonged to the medium drought resistance group, and ‘Zhengmai366’ and ‘Zhengmai9023’, belonged to the low drought resistance group. （3） At two different drought stress levels, the comprehensive indexes （D） were significantly correlated with the drought resistance indexes （DRI） （r = 0.768, 0.808; p 〈 0.05）.