2011—2012年福州市手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Fuzhou City from 2011-2012

目的通过分析福州市2011—2012年的手足口病的流行病学特征，为制定手足口病防控措施和策略提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学分析方法，对福州市2011—2012年的手足口病发病资料进行统计分析，探讨影响福州市手足口病流行特征的有关因素。结果福州市2011-2012年共报告手足口病病例38093例，死亡病例为6例，年均发病率为281．85／10万，且2012年的发病率明显高于2011年（x2=3378．81，P〈0．05）。流行为春峰、秋峰双峰分布。各县（市）区均有病例报告，以仓山区、晋安区和台江区高发（x2=63．091，P〈0．05）；病例多集中在0～5岁组，发病率为4491．9／10万：；发病以散居儿童为主，占病例总数的78．06％；男性多于女性，性别比为1．68：1，差异有统计学意义（x2=2087．850，P〈0．05）。结论福州市手足口病疫情形势依然严峻，主要以5岁以下儿童为高发人群。在手足口病的防控过程中，要加强重点人群和重点场所的预防控制措施。

[ Objective ] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease { HFMD } in Fuzhou City from 2011-2012, provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control measures and strategies of HFMD. [ Methods] Using the method of descriptive epidemiology, the HFMD data in Fuzhou City from 2011-2012 were statistically analyzed, to discuss the relevant factors which influence the disease. [ Results] A total of 38 093 HFMD cases were reported in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2012, with 6 death cases, the average annual incidence rate was 281.85/lakh, and the incidence rate in 2012 was significantly higher than that in 2011 （x2 = 3 378.81,P 〈 0.05}. The epidemic situation showed a double-peak curve in spring and autumn. Cases were reported in all counties/cities, and the incidence rates in Cangshang District, Jin＇an District and Taijiang District were rela- tively high （ x2 = 63. 091 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. Most of cases were children aged 0-5 years old, and the incidence rate was 4 491.9/lakh. 78.06% of cases were scattered children. The incidence rate in males was higher than that in females, with the male-to-female ratio of 1.68： 1, and the difference was significant （ x2 = 2 087. 850, P 〈 0. 05 }. [ Conclusion ] The epidemic situation of HFMD in Fuzhou City is still grim, and children under 5 years old are the high risk group. It is urgent to strengthen the prevention and control in key population and important places.