2012年深圳市龙华新区715家电子类企业职业病危害识别与关键控制点控制效果评价

Evaluation on control effect of critical control points and identification on occupational hazards in 715 electronic enterprises of Longhua District of Shenzhen City in 2011

目的分析2012年深圳市龙华新区715家电子类企业职业病危害因素,并评价关键控制点控制效果。方法对该区715家电子类企业进行现场职业病危害因素监测并对相应关键控制点健康监护资料进行分析。采用询问、资料收集、职业卫生现场调查等方法,识别职业病危害因素,根据职业健康检查与职业卫生检测的结果,分析职业病危害因素的危害程度,确定职业病危害的关键控制点。结果在抽取的715家电子类企业中,其中噪声合格率为47.83%,8 h等效A声级为87.6 dB,超过国家标准,判定为不合格;工人在厂房内和生产线作业时,工作场所中高温(平均WBGT指数)检测结果为26.5℃,未发现有明显高温作业岗位;根据尘源的发生及影响情况,对存在粉尘的岗位检测粉尘的8 h时间加权平均浓度为0.79 mg/m3,未超过国家标准,判定为合格;各岗位的化学毒物检测结果均符合职业接触限值要求。结论职业病危害因素噪声为深圳市龙华新区电子类企业重点职业病危害因素,应加强相应卫生监督监测及健康监护工作。

[ Objective] To analyze the occupational hazards in 715 electronic enterprises of Longhua District of Shenzhen City in 2011, evaluate the control effect of critical control points. [ Methods ] The field monitoring of occupational hazards was conducted in 715 electronic enterprises of Longhua District, and the health surveillance data of the related critical control points were analyzed. The methods of the inquiry, data collection, and field occupational health investigation were used to identify the occupational hazard factors. The degrees the occupational hazard factors were analyzed according to the results of occupational health examination and occupational health inspection. The critical control points of occupational hazards were determined. [ Results] Among the 715 elec- tronic enterprises, the qualified rate of noise was 47.83%, and the 8-hour equivalent level was 87.6 dB, which exceeded the na- tional standard, and was determined to be unqualified. During the production, the result of temperature test （ average WBGT in- dex } in workplace was 26.5℃ , and there was no operation position with high temperature. According to the dust sources and the influencing factors, the 8-hour time weighted average concentration of the dust exposure positions was 0.79 mg/m3 , which met the national standard, and was determined to be qualified. The detection results of chemical poisons in all positions were consistent with the occupational exposure limits. [ Conclusion] The main occupational hazard factor in electronic enterprises of Longhua District of Shenzhen City is dust, and it is necessary to strengthen the health supervision and monitoring, as well as the health surveillance. Key words：Electronic enterprise; Occupational diseases; Hazard factor; Critical control points