肾移植后新发糖尿病危险因素分析及护理研究进展

Risk factor analysis and nursing research of new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation

近年来肾移植后新发糖尿病（ NODAT）已经成为影响移植物和患者长期生存率的第二大因素，仅次于急慢性排斥反应。其多发生在移植后1年内，这主要与第1年免疫抑制剂的剂量相对较大有关，也与患者年龄、肥胖、肝功能等其他危险因素有关。对NODAT的有效控制，在落实预防措施的同时，离不开护理干预。本文就国内外对NODAT的危险因素及护理干预研究进展进行综述。

The new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation （ NODAT） has become the major risk factor that affects both graft and patient survival , which is secondary to acute/chronic rejection .The NODAT mostly attacks within the first year after transplantation , which is mainly associated with high dose of immunosuppress drug , patients ’ age, obesity and abnormal liver function .To control NODAT efficiently , nursing intervention is needed in spite of medical prophylaxis .This review will focus on the international research development of risk factors and the relevant nursing intervention of NODAT .