2010年我国成年人减盐知识、态度和行为情况分析

Investigation on knowledge, attitude and behavior of salt reduction in Chinese adults, 2010

目的 调查2010年中国成年人盐相关知识、态度和行为情况.方法 2010年在我国内地31个省份的162个监测点,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,调查了96 916名18岁以上居民,采用面对面调查方式询问了盐相关知识、态度和行为情况.经过复杂加权后,比较不同特征人群减盐知识知晓率、意愿率和行为率.结果 我国成年人减盐知晓率、意愿率和行为率未加权时分别为63.0％、84.5％和44.5％.经复杂加权后,减盐知晓率为62.9％,男性（62.4％）和女性（63.4％）差异无统计学意义（Х^2=1.66,P＞0.05）;城市（77.1％）高于农村（56.3％）（Х^2 =85.11,P＜0.01）;18 ～44、45 ～ 59和≥60岁知晓率依次降低,分别为67.8％、59.8％、50.1％（Х^2=228.68,P＜0.01）;东、中和西部知晓率依次降低,分别为68.2％、61.3％、57.1％（Х^2=9.82,P＜0.01）.经复杂加权后,减盐意愿率为83.8％,女性（85.8％）高于男性（81.9％） （Х^2 =61.92,P＜0.01）;城市（87.1％）高于农村（82.3％） （Х^2=15.49,P＜0.01）;18～44、45～59和≥60岁意愿率依次降低,分别为85.3％、83.1％、79.6％（Х^2 =74.50,P＜0.01）;东、中和西部意愿率分别为84.3％、84.0％、82.9％（Х^2=0.58,P＞0.05）.经复杂加权后,减盐行为率为42.2％,女性（45.6％）高于男性（38.8％）（Х^2=107.74,P＜0.01）;城市（56.5％）高于农村（35.6％）（Х^2=74.38,P＜0.01）,18 ～44、45～59和≥60岁行为率分别为41.5％、43.6％、42.2％（Х^2 =4.19,P＞0.05）;东部行为率（47.8％）高于中部（38.9％）和西部（38.0％）（Х^2 =7.22,P＜0.05）.结论 2010年我国成年人减盐意愿率较高,但减盐知识知晓率和行为率都不高,尤其是农村和中西部地区.

Objective To explore the knowledge,attitude and behavior of salt reduction among Chinese adults aged over 18 years old in 2010.Methods A total of 96 916 adults aged over 18 were recruited from 162 surveillance points in 2010,applying multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method.Information about subjects salt reduction related knowledge,attitude and behavior were collected by face-to-face interview.After performing complex weighted analysis,the awareness,willingness and behavior rates were compared by different genders,age groups,urban,rural and different regions.Results The unweighted salt reduction rate of the awareness,willingness and behavior among Chinese adults were 63.0%,84.5% and 44.5%.After being weighted,the awareness rate was 62.9%,the awareness rate difference was not significant between males （62.4%） and females （63.4%） （Х^2 =1.66,P 〉 0.05）,but the urban areas（77.1%） were significantly higher than the rural areas （56.3%） （Х^2 =85.11,P 〈0.01）.The difference among different ages was significant （Х^2 =228.68,P 〈 0.01） with descending order in 18-44,45-59 and ≥60 years old （67.8%,59.8%,50.1%,respectively）.The difference among different regions was not significant （Х^2 =9.82,P 〈0.01） in eastern,central and western China （68.2%,61.3%,57.1%,respectively）.After being weighted,the willingness rate was 83.8%,the willingness rate in females （85.8%） was significantly higher than that in males （81.9%） （Х^2 =61.92,P 〈 0.01）,and the urban areas（87.1%）were significantly higher than the rural areas （82.3%）（Х^2 =15.49,P 〈 0.01）.The difference among different ages was significant （Х^2 =74.50,P 〈 0.01） with descending order in 18-44,45-59 and ≥60 years old （85.3%,83.1%,79.6%,respectively）.The difference was not significant （Х^2 =0.58,P 〉 0.05） among eastern,central and western China （84.3%,84.0%,82.9%,respectively）.After being weighted,the behavior rate of salt reduction was 42.2%,the behavior rate in females （45.6%） was significantly higher than that in males （38.8%） （Х^2 =107.74,P 〈0.01）,and urban areas（56.5%） were significantly higher than the rural areas （35.6%） （Х^2 =74.38,P 〈 0.01）.The difference was not significant （Х^2 =4.19,P 〉0.05） among 18-44,45-59 and ≥60 years old（41.5%,43.6%,42.2%,respectively）.The behavior rate of salt reduction difference in eastern China （47.8%） was significantly higher than that in central （38.9%） and western （38.0%） （Х^2 =7.22,P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions The rate of willingness to reduce salt is higher,but the awareness rate and the behavior rate of salt reduction are not high,especially among the population who are from rural area,or who are from central and western China.