历史层次与方言史研究

Historical Hierarchies and the Research of the Dialect History

历史层次的提出是方言史研究的一个重要进步,方言的历史层次应该是方言史研究的一个重要部分。然而现在历史层次的研究一方面没有处理好与方言史研究之间的关系,另一方面忽视了历史文献的作用,使得历史层次的研究走上了纯理论的演绎,而与方言的实际历史面貌越来越远。历史层次的研究应当而且必须放在方言史研究的框架之内,必须依靠历史文献,否则很容易陷入共时层面的陷阱。

Historical hierarchies should be an important part of the researcn of dialect history.However,the present study does not handle properly the relationships between the historical hierarchies and the dialect history.It also neglects the proper role of the historical documents.Thus,the study of historical hierarchies is on the path of constructing pure theoretical hypothesis,away from the realities displayed by the dialects.The study of historical hierarchies should and must be done in the frame of the dialect history study and rely on the historical documents.Otherwise,it will be easily trapped in the synchronic study.