基于语料库的《唐诗三百首》英译本研究

A Corpus-based Study on English Versions of Tangshi Sanbaishou

基于描述翻译研究理论,自建《唐诗三百首》原文及对应两个英译文的小型平行语料库,通过相关语料库软件的分析处理以及SPSS统计软件,结果显示:没有充分的理由证明两个英译本在词汇量和用词总数上有明显差别,但是有充分的理由证明两个英译本在词汇难易程度方面有非常显著的差别。《唐诗三百首》两个英译本在词汇量和译文长度方面非常相似,但是相比之下,许渊冲编译的《唐诗三百首新译》难度更大,目标群体更集中;宾纳、江亢虎的合译本《群玉山头》可读性更强,适应的目标群体更广泛。《群玉山头》从目标文本读者的接受出发,采用自由诗形式,多归化译法,译文详尽,句长参差,富于变化,对于原文中的意象,尽量保留或移植;《唐诗三百首新译》恪守"意美"、"音美"、"形美"之"三美"原则,采用"以韵译韵"的方法,译文简洁,句长相对统一、工整。

With descriptive translation theory as the theoretical base, a parallel corpus of the Chinese version of Tangshi Sanbaishou and its two English versions is founded. With the corpus analysis and the use of SPSS, the result shows that there is no adequate cause to prove the evident differences in word types and total words between two English versions. However, there is adequate cause to prove the evident differences in word difficulty between two English versions. The two English versions are quite similar in vocabulary and length, but the version by XU Yuan-ehong is more difficult in words and has a more concentrated target reader group, while the version by Witter Bynner and JIANG Kang-hu is easier to read and has a more extensive target reader group. With the target readers in mind, it uses free verse in form, domestication as the main translation strategy and keeps or transfers the images of the original poems. Version by XU follows his translation methods of three aspects of beauty and uses rhymed verse in form. It is also characterized by its conciseness and neat pattern.