服务业FDI、吸收能力与国际R&D溢出效应——一项跨国经验研究

FDI in Services, Absorptive Capacity and International R&D Spillovers

本文运用41个国家2005-2011年的面板数据,基于东道国吸收能力的视角,测算并考察了服务业FDI的R&D溢出效应,研究结果表明:第一,服务业FDI的R&D溢出会对东道国全要素生产率产生显著的促进作用,并且主要体现在对技术效率的改善上。国内R&D投入对东道国全要素生产率的提升作用并不显著。第二,东道国吸收能力中,人力资本以及制度因素能够显著促进服务业FDI的R&D溢出,但金融服务业的发展水平却阻碍了东道国这一途径的技术吸收。第三,分样本研究中,OECD国家服务业FDI的R&D溢出效应显著,而非OECD国家这一效应并未通过显著性检验。

From the perspective of the host country＇s absorptive capacity, this paper investigates R＆D spillovers of FDI in services by using panel data across 41 countries from 2005 to 2011. The results indicate that： firstly, the R＆D spillover of FDI in services has a significant promoting effect on the host country＇s TFP, mainly displayed by the improvement of technical efficiency, whereas domestic R＆D investment has no significant impact on TFP; secondly, the absorptive capacity of human capital and institutional factors in the host coun- try can significantly promote the R＆D spillover of FDI in services, but the level of financial services development may hinder the technological absorption of the host country through this pathway; thirdly, the sub-sample study demonstrates that the foreign R＆D spillover of FD! in services in OECD countries is signifi- cant, while the effect in non-OECD countries is not sianificant.