斯坦贝克弑兄故事与圣经隐喻

Fratricidal Narrative in John Steinbeck's Fiction and Its Biblical Allusion

在人类的伦理禁忌中,兄弟背叛与弑杀是一种比乱伦更古老、更厉害的伦理罪行,它的社会表现形式就是国家和种族内部的战争。斯坦贝克在其一生的文学创作中,始终关注人类历史中永恒存在的兄弟背叛与弑杀行为。他认为,人类几千年的兄弟背叛与弑杀,根源于人类伦理本性中的二元性对立:即个体性与群体性、自我之爱与自我之恨、善良与邪恶。根除兄弟背叛与弑杀的终极途径不是暴力手段,而是理性的伦理选择,那就是理性意志与和解。

Among the ethical taboos in human society, fratricide is an ethical crime that is even more ancient and severe than incest, and its social form is the war inside a country or a nation. Throughout his whole literary career, Steinbeck never stopped his concern about fratricide that exists universally in human history. According to Steinbeck, fratricide originated from the duality of the ethical nature of human beings, namely the conflicts between individualism and collectivity, self-love and self-hate as well as good and evil. The only solution to fiatricide is not violence, but man＇s ethical choice of rational will and reconciliation.