广东省居民现在吸烟行为与家庭环境因素关系的研究

Relationship between current smoking behaviors and household characteristics in Guangdong

目的：探讨广东省居民现在吸烟行为与家庭环境因素的关系，为以家庭为靶点的烟草防控措施制定提供科学依据。方法于2010年9-11月采用4阶段分层整群抽样方法，在广东省5个城市的10个县区使用统一设计的调查表进行入户调查，调查对象为15～69岁常住居民，调查内容包括人口学特征、吸烟行为、与烟草可能相关的家庭环境因素等。采用χ2检验和非条件logistic回归分析，探索家庭环境因素与居民现在吸烟行为的关系。结果本次共调查2150人，纳入分析2121人。单因素分析显示：家庭人均月收入＜1000元、家里有≥3人吸烟、家庭室内允许吸烟、家里曾以烟待客者，其现在吸烟率较高，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。在logistic回归分析控制性别、年龄、文化程度、就业情况、个人月平均工资、城乡6个变量后，家庭吸烟人数、家庭室内吸烟规定、是否以烟待客与研究对象现在吸烟行为有显著关联（P＜0.01），家庭人均月收入与现在吸烟行为无显著关联（P＝0.567）。结论家庭是实施健康教育和烟草防控的重要场所。应重视无烟家庭创建，鼓励戒烟，积极倡导“不以烟待客”，以有效降低烟草的使用。

Objective To disclose the relationship between current smoking behaviors and household characteristics among adults in Guangdong,in order to provide scientific evidence for household tobacco control strategy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the adults sampled by four-stage randomized cluster sampling in ten districts of five cities in Guangdong from September to November,2010. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics,smoking behaviors and smoking-related household characteristics. Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression analysis were employed to explore the relationship between current smoking behaviors and household characteristics. Results This study included 2 150 respondents,with data from 2 121 eligible questionnaires used for analysis. The current smoking rates for respondents with household characteristics including per capita household income below 1 000 Yuan,three or more smokers in the family,no ban of smoking at home and treating visitors with cigarettes were 28.7%,56.5%,34.2%and 43.5%,respectively,and were significantly higher than those for respondents with household characteristics at other levels（P〈0.01 for all）. After controlling for factors such as gender,age, personal income,education,employment status and residential location,we found that the number of family smokers,smoking restrictions at home and treating visitors with cigarettes had significant association with current smoking behaviors（P〈0.01 for all）,except for per capita household income （P=0.567）. Conclusion Household is one of the effective places in carrying out health education and tobacco control intervention. In order to reduce tobacco use,much effort should be made to create smoke-free homes,encourage smoking cessation and treat visitors with no cigarettes.