基层医务人员糖尿病防治知识培训效果及影响因素分析

Analysis on the training effect and its influencing factors to abilities of diabete management for community healthcare providers

目的探讨基层医务人员糖尿病综合防治知识培训效果及其影响因素，为增强社区糖尿病综合防治能力及工作力度提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查和培训考核的方法，对试点地区475名参加培训医务人员的培训效果进行评价，采用多元协方差分析筛选其影响因素。结果培训前后医务人员糖尿病防治知识得分分别为（74．3±15．6）分和（85．8±11．5）分，差异有统计学意义（t=17．89，P〈0．01）。培训后，本科学历的医务人员得分高于大专学历者（P=0．011）；从事慢性病防治工作4—10年的医务人员得分高于1～3年的医务人员（P〈0．01）。医务人员对患者自我管理的3大任务、胰岛素注射技能和烟草控制策略等掌握不足。结论经过培训，基层医务人员糖尿病综合防治知识知晓率有很大程度的提高。提示，今后可根据医务人员的文化程度和慢性病防治工作年限有针对性的设计培训课程，以期进一步增强我国社区糖尿病综合防治能力。

Objective To explore the training effect and its influencing factors to diabetes prevention and treatment ability for community healthcare providers so as to lay a scientific basis for further enhancement of community ability comprehensive prevention and treatment of diabetes. Methods A controlled before-after design was used in the investigation and a total of 475 trainees from pilot area were evaluated on prevention and treatment knowledge of diabetes. The possible influencing factors were screened through multivariate analysis of covariance. Results The scores of the trainees before and after training were （74.3±15.6） and （85.8±11.5）, respectively with statistical significance （t=17.89,P〈0.01）. Difference in the growth scores was mainly due to the education level and working experience of the community heahhcare providers. The growth score of the heahhcare providers with undergraduate education was higher than those with college education （P=0.011 ）, and the providers with 4-10 working years on chronic disease control and prevention had higher growth score than those with 1-3 working years （P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, the health providers still need more know-how on self-management skills, insulin injection and tobacco control strategies. Conclusion The knowledge of diabetes prevention, clinical management was greatly improved for community healthcare providers through the training. In future work, training courses should be tailored based on trainees＇ education background and need levels to enhance community ability of diabetes control.