企业科研经费优化配置方法研究

Optimize Allocation of Enterprises' Technological Research Fund

科研经费是开展科技活动的最基础条件之一。企业如何将有限的科研经费合理、有效利用,使其效益最大化,是企业科技管理部门一直关注的问题。为此开展了科研经费优化配置方法研究,设计了优化配置模型,将企业科研项目分为常规技术研究、核心技术研究、超前技术研究3类,提出相应的指标体系、优化标准和优化配置方法,并以某企业为例进行了试用。首先列出研究项目的基本情况,然后按照对生产经营的影响、核心竞争力、技术支撑条件、技术成熟度、技术成功率、商业成功率、费用投入程度、战略适配性、产出效果9个要素进行专家评议打分,确定权重,并对项目加权算分,再对项目得分排序,最后得出经费优化配置结果。这一方法较全面地考虑了诸多要素的约束,提高了企业科研经费的利用效率,可供科技管理界的同行在对工业企业科技经费资源优化配置时参考和借鉴。

Technological research fund is one of fundamental conditions for launching technological research activity. How to use the limited technological research fund reasonably and effectively and maximize the benefit is one of the problems on which the technological management department of an enterprise has always focused. Therefore, PetroChina Pipeline R ＆ D Center makes a study of optimized management method for technological research fund and designs the optimized management model to classify the enterprise＇s research projects into three categories --conventional technological research, key technological research and frontier technological research. It also puts forward the relative target system and optimizes the standards and management method, selecting an enterprise for experiment. First of all, the basic conditions of the research project are listed and then experts are invited to evaluate nine elements -- influence on production business, core competitiveness, conditions for technological support, technological maturity, technological success rate, commercial success rate, fund investment level, strategic adaptability and economic results. The sequence of research project is based on the evaluation results, thus optimizing allocation of fund for research projects. This method takes into account a number of elements, improves utilization efficiency of research fund, and provides references and experiences for the counterparts of technological management sector to optimize allocation of technological research fund for industrial enterprises.