辽南土石质山区坡耕地水土流失试验研究

Experimental Study of Soil and Water Loss on Cultivated Slope Land in Earth and Rock Mountain Regions in Southern Liangning

应用人工模拟降雨方法对辽南土石质山区坡耕地水土流失进行试验研究 ,试验按四因子二水平一次回归正交设计 ,试验因子选择降雨侵蚀力 (R)、地面坡度 (S)、雨前土壤含水量 (W)和作物盖度 (C)。研究结果表明 ,四因子对坡耕地径流量影响大小依次是R、W、S、C ,对土壤冲刷量影响大小依次是R、W、C、S。依据试验结果建立了坡耕地水土流失数学模型 ,此模型可在坡耕地水土流失定量评价及预测中应用。

Soil and water loss on cultivated slope lands in soil and rock mountain areas in southern Liaoning province was studied through experiment of artificial simulation of rainfall. The experiment is designed as linear rectangular regression of four factors and two levels. The experimental factors selected as rainfall erosion capability ( R ), land slope ( S ), soil moisture before rainfall ( W) and crop coverage (C) . The experimental results show that the sequence of impacts on runoff yield on slope land of the four factors are R, W, S, C , and the sequence of impacts on soil erosion are R, W, C, S . A mathematic model of soil and water loss on slope land was established on the basis of the experimental achievements, which can be applied in quantitative assessment and prediction of soil and water loss on slope land.