云南省玉米种子带菌检测及种衣剂处理的生物学效应

Testing of Seed Borne Fungi of Major Corn Varieties from Yunnan Province and Effect of Seed Coating Treatment with Different Formulations

采用平皿测定方法和田间小区试验对云南省 3个主栽玉米品种分别进行了种子带菌检测和 4种不同种衣剂包衣处理的生物学效应研究。结果表明 ,玉米种子表面携带的优势菌群主要为青霉菌 (Penicillium)、根霉菌 (Rhi zopus)、瓶梗青霉菌 (Paecilomyces)和木霉菌 (Trichoderma) ;种子内部寄藏的真菌主要有长蠕孢菌(Helminthosporium)、根霉菌 (Rhizopus)、镰刀菌 (Fusarium)和青霉菌 (Penicillium ) ,其它分离频率较高的寄藏真菌还有黑孢霉菌 (Nigrospora)、交链孢菌 (Alternaria)和茎点霉菌 (Phoma)等 ;种子表面和内部携带真菌种类在品种之间有较大差异。 2 0 %克福种衣剂对种子带菌消毒、提高发芽和出苗率效果显著 ;Apron和Celest在促进壮苗方面具有良好的作用。

This study reported the testing of seed borne fungi of major corn varieties from Yunnan province and effect of seed coating treatment with four different formulations by means of petri dish testing and field experiment.The results showed that Penicillium, Rhizopus, Paecilomyce, and Trichoderma were main seed borne fungi on the surface of 3 major corn variesties from Yunnan province; Helminthosporium, Rhizopus, Fusarium , and Penicillium represented main seed borne fungi inside. Nigrospora, Alternaria , and Phoma were minor seed borne fungi. The fungi on the seed surface and inside expressed significantly difference among experimental varieties. 20% Carbofuran Thiram seed coating formulation (specific for corn seed coating treatment) provided a good control for seed borne fungi, increased seed germination and seedling emergence. Apron and Celest treatment expressed obvious sound seedling.