低温对葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)菌丝生长和孢子萌发以及对贮藏菊苣侵染力的影响(英文)

EFFECTS OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON MYCELIAL GROWTH AND SPORE GERMINATION OF Botrytis cinerea IN VITRO AND ON ITS INFECTIVITY TO STORED CHICORY

本文主要研究葡萄孢菌 (Botrytis cinerea)在 2 0、10、4、2、0、- 2和 - 4℃下菌丝生长和孢子萌发的情况 ,以及在同样温度下对菊苣 (Cichorium intybus L.)致病力的影响。尽管在 PDA培养基上 0℃以下低温明显地抑制菌丝生长和推迟孢子的萌发时间 ,但葡萄孢菌仍能在 - 4℃下 14d后达到 10 0 %的萌发率 ,2 4周后菌落的生长直径为 10 mm。用 Botrytis cinerea孢子接种的菊苣在 - 2℃下 6周以前的发病率较低 ,在 - 4℃下 8周以前没有病害发生 ,但随着贮藏时间的延长 ,发病率逐渐上升 ,12周后腐烂率达到 77%和 71% ,病害严重程度指数分别为 37和 31。菊苣贮藏在 - 2℃和 - 4℃下后期腐烂率的快速增加可能与此时菊苣产生冷害有关。

The effects of low temperature ranging from 20℃ to -4℃ on mycelial growth, the conidial germination of Botrytis cinerea in culture and its infectivity to stored chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) were investigated. Although temperatures below 0℃ could inhibit the mycelial growth and delay the conidial germination, B. cinerea was able to grow and germinate on PDA and to infect chicory even at -4℃. Germination rate reached 100% after 14 days and mycelial diameter was 10 mm after 24 weeks at such temperature. No decay was found in chicory kept at -4℃ before 8 weeks and there was very low disease incidence in chicory stored at -2℃ in 6 weeks of storage. After 12 weeks in storage, disease incidence reached 77% and 71% with a disease severity score of 37 and 31, respectively, which may be related partly to freezing injury of chicory stored at such temperatures.