城市土地使用规划与水环境效应:研究综述

Review of Urdan Land Use Planning and Water Environmental Effects

城市水环境恶化及其导致的城市生态系统退化的问题,是快速城市化进程中产生的典型环境问题。基于近年来国内外研究成果,从城市土地使用对水环境的影响、关键空间驱动因素对城市水环境的影响、趋向水环境保护的城市用地布局规划、城市化流域的可持续水资源管理等方面,回顾了城市用地布局和水环境相互关系的研究现状,述评了现有研究方法和研究内容:①用地类型结构指数、形态结构指数和数量结构指数与水环境效应的定量化关系需要确立;②现状土地政策和规划法规对水环境的潜在影响还有待深入研究;③维持整体健康水环境的城市土地使用生态规划方法还有待深入研究;④小流域单元和规划管理单元的空间相关性,以及补充和修正促进水环境保护的规划控制指标,还有待深入研究。最后提出了进一步研究的思路,为趋向水环境保护的城市土地使用生态规划研究提供参考。

It is a typical environmental problem in the process of rapid urbanization which is deterioration of urban water environ- ment andurban ecosystem degradation. Based on existing research results, in the domestic and overseas, we reviewed research methods and contents of relationship between urban land use and water environment, which is influences of urban landuse on the water environment, effects of the key spatial driving facts on urban water environment, urban land use planning to protect water en- vironment and sustainable management of water resources in urbanization watershed. We suggests several aspects for further study： （1）quantitative relationships should be established between land use type structure index, laduse morphology structure index, laduse- quantity structure index and water environmental effects; （2）current land policy and planning regulations, which have potential im- pact on the water environment, should be further researched; （3）approaches for ecological urban landuse planning have to be further studied in order to maintain the overall health of the water environment;（4）the spatial relationship between small watershed unit and planning development unit, and planning control index to protect water environment, should be further discussed. Finally, the paper put forward research prospects which can provide references for ecological urban land use planning to protect the water environ- ment.