不同小麦基因型抗寒性与冷适应特征的评价(英文)

Characteristics of Freezing Resistance and Cold Acclimation in Different Wheat Genotypes

用存活率和离子渗透检测法测定了18个来自波兰和中国的小麦品种的抗寒性。试验结果表明 ,离子渗透检测分辨率最高的温度是 -10℃ ,两种检测方法结果相关极显著(n=18,r=0.940* *) ,冷冻叶片和冷冻植株的离子渗透检测结果相一致(n=18,r=0.706* *)。Jubilatka,Roma,Mikon ,和Maltanka诱导后抗寒性强于其它供试品种 ,其抗寒性与Mironovska808相当 ;Maltanka的诱导抗寒性最强 ;豫麦10号的抗寒性中等 ;波兰的主栽品种Almari抗寒性较弱。供试品种的去抗寒锻炼速度存在很大差异 ,但抗寒性与去抗寒锻炼速度间无相关性。检测了抗寒性强和弱的品种对不同去抗寒锻炼处理长度的反应 ,结果表明 :8d的去抗寒处理不能完全消除诱导抗寒性。分析认为 ,抗寒性强的品种Maltanka。

Freezing resistance of 18 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars from Poland and China were evaluated by measuring survival rate and ion leakage test. The highest differentiation of ion leakage between cultivars was recorded at -10℃. The results showed a significant correlation between values in two methods (r=0.940**). The ion leakage of leaf segments and frozen plants was also significantly correlated (r=0.706**). Jubilatka, Roma, Mikon and Maltanka showed higher freezing resistance after hardening than the other tested cultivars, and their freezing resistant abilities were comparable with Mironovska 808. Maltanka exhibited the highest capacity to response to cold hardening among the examined cultivars. Yumai 10, the winter cultivar from China had a moderate freezing hardiness; Almari, the most common cultivar in Poland showed less freezing hardiness. There was a great variation in dehardening speed among the tested cultivars but no correlation between freezing resistance and dehardening speed was observed. The cultivars with high and low freezing resistance were chosen to detect the extent of dehardening after different length of dehardening treatment. The results showed that 8 days' dehardening could not cancel induced cold hardiness. Among the cultivars Maltanka, Mikon and Mironovska 808 there were different genetic mechanisms in freezing resistance.