公有,还是私有?——土地革命以来中国土地制度的变迁简析

Public-owned or Private-owned?——Changes of Chinese Land System since the Land Revolution

进行土地改革,满足广大农民对土地的需求,这既是新民主主义革命的目标,也是革命的手段。经过全国范围的土改运动,我们实现了这一目标。然而不久之后,我们又开始对农业的社会主义改造,土地又变为集体所有,进行集体化生产。家庭联产承包责任制恢复了农民对土地的经营自主权,从而大大地解放了农村生产力。然而,土地所有权的问题至今仍未得到解决,从而引发了一系列经济、社会问题。

Land reform , which satisfied the peasants ’ demand for land , is not only the goal of the new demo-cratic revolution , but also the means of it .This goal was achieved after the nationwide land reform movement .Soon after the socialist transformation in agriculture began , the ownership of land became collective , and so did the pro-duction .The household contract responsibility system restored farmers ’ autonomy on land management , which greatly liberated rural productivity .However , the land ownership problem has not been solved , which has caused a series of economic and social problems .