现实主义的嬗变——王蒙意识流小说对汉语新文学的突破

Evolution Of Realism——Breakthrough for Chinese New Literature by Wang Meng′s Novels of Stream of Consciousness

王蒙在20世纪80年代发表的一系列带有东方意识流色彩的小说,是他自觉对新时期文学进行的有益尝试,这种"东方意识流"与西方现代主义文学作品所表现的意识流有着明显的区别和自己的特色:基本不涉及"泛性欲"的心理描写,始终围绕在东方伦理道德范围之内;人物的意识流动是按照心理时间来进行的,少有西方的"无意识""潜意识"描写,且通常有秩序、轨迹可循,显得更为"理性";东方意识流扎根于中国历史与现实,反映人物对现实生活的感受,区别于西方意识流对于现实的抗拒与脱离;东方的意识流描写渗透着中国传统美学和传统叙事模式,区别于西方意识流对于传统和古典的极端反叛。同时,王蒙的意识流小说突破了传统现实主义写作手法,将其置于汉语新文学这一概念中,更能发掘其作品广阔和深刻的内涵。

Wang Meng published a series of novels of stream of consciousness with oriental colors in the 1980s w hich is his valuable attempt at the literature of new era .Involving no psychological de-scription of Pan sexuality ,this oriental stream of consciousness with its own characteristics is differ-ent from western modernist literature .It always focuses on oriental ethics .The consciousness flow of figures is based on psychological time with few western “unconscious” and “subconscious” descrip-tion .The oriental stream of consciousness sets the roots in Chinese history and reality and reflects real life experience ,and is different from the western stream of consciousness which is a resistance to real-ity .The description of oriental stream of consciousness has traditional Chinese aesthetics and a tradi-tional narrative pattern ,different from the Western stream of consciousness w hich is completely op-posed to tradition and classics .Meanwhile ,Wang Meng′s novels of stream of consciousness is a breakthrough for the traditional realist w riting style .We are more able to explore broader and deeper connotations of his works if we attribute it to new Chinese literature .