根际与非根际土壤铜化学行为的研究进展

Progress on Copper Chemical Behavior in Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Soil

铜是动植物必需的微量元素,但过量的铜会严重影响动植物的生长。近年来,随着工农业的发展,土壤的铜污染加重并成为重要的土壤环境问题之一。铜污染研究已扩展到根际微域。根际是受植物根系及其生长活动显著影响的土壤微区,其特殊的化学、物理和生物性质对重金属的形态变化和迁移性影响巨大。对近年来铜在根际pH、Eh、根系分泌物、根际有机物和微生物变化影响下的化学行为研究进展进行了综述,今后需进一步深化单个或者多个根际环境因子(pH、Eh、根系分泌物、根际有机物等)对铜形态变化影响的研究,为评估其在土壤环境中赋存释放风险、阐述铜污染土壤化学和生物修复机制提供指导。

Copper is an essential trace mineral for plants and animals, but excessive copper will seriously affect the growth of plants and animals. Recently, with the development of industry and agriculture, copper pollution in soil has become one of the important soil and environment problems. Studies on copper pollution have expanded to rhizosphere domains. Rhizosphere is a soil micro region where is significantly affected by plant root system and plant growth activities. Rhizosphere has great impact on the porphologic change and migration of heavy metal owing to its special physical, chemical and biological properties. Therefore, this paper summarized the research progress made on rhizosphere chemical behavior under the influence of rhizosphere pH and Eh, the root exudates, rhizosphere organic matter and microbial changes. And then, the future study should be further deepened either on single or multiple rhizosphere environment factors （pH, Eh, root exudates, rhizosphere organic matters, etc.） about its/their influence on the morphological changes of copper. This study provided guidance for assessing the risk of copper release in soil, and expounding the mechanism of copper contaminated soil chemistry and biological repairing mechanism as well.