旬阳山区烟草农业机械化研究

Study on Tobacco Agricultural Mechanization in Xunyang Mountain Area

以旬阳山地烟区为例,从试点选择、机械配置、作业效率3个方面简要阐述了旬阳烟草农业机械化试点基本情况,通过对育苗、机耕、起垄、移栽、中耕、编烟、回潮等主要环节试点,烟草农业机械化与传统农业生产比较,减工降本效果十分明显。分析试点中存在的问题,主要包括山区土地条件差、山地适用型烟草农机研发滞后、烟草农业机械化政策保障滞后、烟田基础设施配套滞后。结合旬阳烟草农业机械化试点情况,提出了促进旬阳现代烟草农业机械化的一些建议,认为应科学优化基本烟田、加快山区烟草农业机械研发、加快烟草农业机械政策配套、加快烟田配套设施建设、加快烟草农机推广服务体系建设。这可为为旬阳山区现代烟草农业机械化提供理论参考依据。

Taking tobacco-growing area in Xunyang mountain area as an example,this paper briefly elaborated basic situation of tobacco agricultural mechanization pilot project in Xunyang from pilot area selection,machinery disposition,and operating efficiency.From comparison between tobacco agricultural mechanization and traditional agricultural production through pilot of seedling growing,mechanical farming,ridging,transplanting,intertilling,tobacco weaving,and tobacco leaf conditioning,it indicates that the effect of labor and cost reduction is significant.Besides,this paper analyzed existing problems in the pilot project,mainly including poor mountain condition,backward research and development in tobacco machinery suitable for mountain area,lagging of support policy for tobacco agricultural mechanization,and backward infrastructure for tobacco field.Finally,combining basic condition of tobacco agricultural mechanization in Xunyang,it came up with several pertinent recommendations,including optimizing basic tobacco field in a scientific way,speeding up research and development of tobacco agricultural machinery suitable for mountain area,accelerating support policy for tobacco agricultural mechanization,promoting construction of supporting facilities for tobacco growing area,and speeding up construction of extension system for tobacco agricultural machinery.It is expected that these recommendations will provide certain reference for tobacco agricultural mechanization in Xunyang mountain area.