工人职业伤害与职业安全相关知信行关系研究

Relationships between occupational injury and knowledge, attitudes,behavior of occupational safety in workers

目的了解工人职业伤害与工人职业安全认知、职业安全态度和安全生产行为(以下简称为"职业安全相关知信行")的关系。方法采用横断面调查的方法,调查分析34家制造业企业6 319名一线生产工人职业伤害与职业安全相关知信行关系。以工人在过去1年中是否因工作发生意外伤害分为有伤害组和无伤害组。结果发生职业伤害的工人382人(占6.0%,有伤害组),没有发生职业伤害的工人5 937人(占94.0%,无伤害组)。有伤害组中职业安全认知、对安全政策的态度、乐观主义和安全生产行为中的4种行为得分均低于无伤害组(P<0.05);消极态度得分高于无伤害组(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示工人职业安全认知、消极态度、对安全政策的态度和对管理者支持的态度是职业伤害的重要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论职业伤害与职业安全相关知信行有关,应加强对工人的健康教育干预,以提高工人对职业病危害与防护相关知识的认知率。

Objective To investigate the relationship between occupational injury and the knowledge , attitudes, behaviors of occupational safety in workers .Methods With the method of cross-sectional study , 6 319 on-line workers were divided into injury group and non-injury group according to their experience with or without work injuries in the past year .Relation-ship betweet occupational injury and knowledge ,attitudes,behavior of occupational safety in workers were analyzed .Results There were 382 workers listed in injury group , with the occupational injury occurrence rate 6.0%.There were 5 937 workers in non-injury group , with the occupational injuriy occurrence rate 94.0%.In injury group , the scores of occupa-tional safety knowledge , attitude to safety policy , optimism attitude , occupational safety behaviors were lower than those of the non-injury group （ P＆lt;0.05 ） , but the score of negative attitude was higher than that of the non-injury group （ P＆lt;0.05）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that occupational safety knowledge , attitude to safety policy, the support attitudes to manager were the main factors influencing occupational injuries .Conclusion Occupational injury is associated with occupational safety knowledge , attitudes and behaviors .Health education intervention workers should be strengthened to improve their awareness rate of occupational hazards and protection -related knowledge .