角色适应及职业紧张对护士组织氛围影响路径分析

Path analysis on the effect of role adaptation and job stress to nurses' organizational climate

目的探讨护士角色适应、职业紧张对组织氛围的影响及其相互作用。方法采用多阶段抽样法抽取湖北省十堰市579名护理人员,采用医院组织气氛量表、职业紧张简洁量表和护士角色适应量表进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行Spearman相关分析和路径分析。结果护士组织氛围处于中等偏上水平,职业紧张处于中等水平,角色适应处于中等偏下水平。职业紧张的工作控制维度和工作支持维度呈正相关[Spearman相关系数(rS)=0.514,P<0.01]。角色适应的工作与家人维度和护理者与医院职工维度呈正相关(rS=0.327,P<0.01),和工作与本我维度呈正相关(rS=0.419,P<0.01)。角色适应、工作控制维度和工作支持维度对组织氛围的标准回归系数分别为0.386、-0.232、-0.411(P<0.01)。工作需求、工作控制和工作支持3个维度对角色适应的标准回归系数分别为-0.377、-0.126、-0.289(P<0.01)。职业紧张3个维度均直接反向影响角色适应,角色适应直接正向作用于组织氛围,职业紧张的工作需求维度可通过角色适应间接作用于组织氛围。结论职业紧张反向影响角色适应,角色适应正向作用于组织氛围,职业紧张的工作需求维度在角色适应与组织氛围之间起中介作用。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing role adaptation , occupational stress on organizational climate and its interaction.Methods Five hundred and seventy-nine nurses participated in the study according to multi-stage stratified sampling and the questionnaires of Organizational Climate Questionnaire , Brief Job Stress Questionnaire and Role Adapta-tion Questionnaire .Spearman correlation analysis and Path analysis were performed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software . Results The score of nurses ’ organizational climate was higher than the average level , but other scores were lower than the average level .Spearman correlation analysis indicated that job control dimension was positively associated with job sup-port dimension[Spearman ranking correlation coefficient （rS） =0.514, P＆lt;0.01], while work or family dimension was positively associated with nurse or the staff of a hospital dimension （rS =0.327, P＆lt;0.01）, and positively associated with work or myself dimension （rS =0.419, P＆lt;0.01）.Standard regression coefficient of role adaptation, job control and job support dimension to the organization atmosphere were 0.386, -0.232, -0.411 （P ＆lt;0.01） respectively.Standard regression coefficient of job requirement , job control and job support dimension to the role adaptation were -0.377,-0.126, -0.289 （P＆lt;0.01） respectively.Role adaptation was reversely and directly affected by the three dimensions on occupational stress .The role adaptation positively and directly affected on organizational climate , and organizational cli-mate could be indirectly affected by job requirement dimension of occupational stress through role adaptation .Conclusion Occupational stress is reverse impact directly by role adaptation .Role adaptation has directl positive effect on organizational climate.Role adaptation and organizational climate is partially mediated by job requirement dimensions on occupational stress.