睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的脑损伤作用及其机制

Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome caused brain injury and its mechanism

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征主要病理生理是慢性间断性缺氧，可导致多器官受累，尤其以脑部损伤为明显，常有认知功能损害，出现一系列的精神症状和心理障碍，是脑血管病的独立危险因素并加重其预后不良。其脑部损伤有脑血管动脉硬化、内皮功能障碍、神经元损害及神经元细胞凋亡等改变，目前对于该方面的研究多数集中于临床研究，而其脑组织的基础研究尤其是神经细胞损伤、血管性因素的病理研究还比较少。本文就睡眠呼吸暂停与脑部损伤的关系及其机制作一综述。

The major pathophysio[ogy of sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome （SAHS） is chronic intermittent hypoxia, which can lead to multi organ involvement, especially the brain damage with cognitive impairment, a range of psychiatric symptoms and psychological barriers. SAHS is an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease and it can increase its poor prognosis. The research of brain injury which has some changes including cerebrovaseular atheroselerosis, endothelial dysfunction, neuronal damage,and neuronal cell apoptosis is mostly concentrated in the clinical research, and basic research of brain tissue,especially the pathological study of nerve cell damage and vascular factors is still relatively small. This article on the relationship of sleep apnea and brain injury is summarized.