19世纪俄罗斯文学中的彼得堡现代神话意蕴

The Implications of the Modern Myths of Petersburg in the 19th-century Russian Literature

神话创作是人类意识活动的不可分割的要素。彼得堡因其在俄罗斯现代化进程中的独特作用以及自身在这一过程中所形成的独特的人文文化底蕴使得几乎与其有关的一切形象都在民间文学中获得了神话化倾向。俄罗斯作家独有的神话思维方式和神话意识使他们以彼得堡民间文学为依托,依据俄罗斯现代化发展的特殊态势,结合历史主义因素和神话主义因素,创造了拥有共同描写对象、最高思想的统一性和整体性的彼得堡现代神话。19世纪俄罗斯文学中的彼得堡现代神话根植于俄罗斯历史和社会现实,真实反映出俄罗斯社会在现代化发展过程中的种种矛盾和冲突。它是以神话化手法来阐明现代文明的种种问题,展现经验世界和历史变革的洪流中那些经久不变的永恒因素。

Myth creation is an integral element of human consciousness. All the images related to Petersburg, due to its unique role in the process of Russian modernization and the cuhural deposits formed during the process, have been mythologized in the folk literature. Based on the folk literature of Petersburg and the special situation of Russian modernization and with the combination of historism and mythicism, Russian writers, with their unique mythological thinking and awareness, created the modern myths of Petersburg, which have the same images and consistent thinking. The modern myths of Petersburg in the 19th-century Russian literature are rooted in Russian history and social reality and truly reflect all kinds of conflicts in the development of modernization of the Russian society. The myths interpret the problems of modern civilization and unfold the unchanging factors in the empirical world and historical development.