皂脚酸化油的热裂解过程与产物分析

Pyrolysis of acidified soapstocks for production of fuels

拟通过快速热裂解的工艺，得到燃料性能较优的气体和液体产物，从而提高废弃油脂的利用价值。本实验以皂脚酸化油为原料，对其热裂解过程进行研究，并对裂解产物进行分析。液体产物性能分别为：酸值78mg/g，黏度2.5mm2/s，密度0.83g/cm3，热值为41.9kJ/g。采用气质联用仪分析液体产物，表明热解产物中含有烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、酮以及酸等组分，碳链长度主要分布在C10～C18。用气相色谱分析气体产物，表明气体主要为可燃气体，其中CO、H2、CH4、C2H6这4种气体含量就达到70%。实验结果表明，快速热裂解反应显著提高了皂脚酸化油的燃料性能：羧酸含量显著降低，燃烧热值增大，为皂脚的进一步深加工利用提供理论依据。

Fast pyrolysis reaction of acidified soapstocks was studied to obtain gaseous and liquid products with better properties. The liquid product density 830 kg/m3,viscosity 2.5 mm2/s,calorific value 41.9 MJ/kg,and acid value 78 mg/g. Furthermore,the liquid product was analyzed with GC-MS and FT-IR with the composition of alkanes,alkenes and carboxylic acid. The carbon chain length of the liquid product was C10-C18. GC analysis indicated that the main components of the gaeous product were combustible gas,such as CO,H2,CH4,C2H6 . The total of these four gas components reached 70%. Fuel properties of pyrolytic products were greatly improved by fast pyrolysis reaction,carboxylic acid content was significantly lower,and combustion heat value increased. This study provides theoretical basis for further processing and utilization of acidified soapstocks.